In order to meet the growing demands of users for faster data transfer, nowadays we are investing more and more in optical access networks that can meet these requirements. When planning optical networks, it is necessary to take into account a number of parameters that affect the cost of network and performance. When planning optical access networks, it is necessary to reach a compromise between economic and technical elements, so planning is extremely important and detailed. The topic of the this paper is planning optical access networks. The introductory part of the paper describes all possible architectures of access networks that can be exclusively optical - FTTH or a combination of optical fibers and copper pairs - FTTN / VDSL2, FTTC / VDSL, etc. Also two possible topologies P2P and P2MP, active components in optical access networks, a combination of optical fiber transmission and wireless transmission - FTTA and steps in the implementation of optical access network planning are described. In the practical part of the paper, using the QGIS program, a software solution was developed for the area of the city district of Ravne njive in Split, and a techno-economic analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the presented solutions was performed. The costs of implementing optical access networks vary depending on the choice of topology and architecture, the density of settlements and the geographical type of the area, and the possibility of using the already existing distribution telecommunications infrastructure. Implementation costs in urban areas are much lower than costs in rural areas.